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The Portuguese Man o' War
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nfeld_photo


Location: DE
Posts: 11
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The Portuguese Man O' War, also known as the Blue Bottle, is one of the most venomous creatures on earth.


With its relatively small air bladder it floats on the surface of the ocean dragging its long tentacles through the water hunting for prey. Little fish touching these almost invisible yarns are paralysed immediately and can be diguested by the jellyfish.


Their sting is also potentially dangerous to humans; they have been responsible for several fatalities, but usually only cause intense pain.


On the other hand this creature has been a great source of inspiration for humanity. The shape of sails for ships has actually been derived from this jellyfish’s air bladder which incorporates an erectable sail. Another amazing fact is, that they are not even a real jellyfish but a colony of four sorts of specialized polyps: The air bladder is one single polyp, then there are the polpys forming the tentacles. Thirdly there are the gastrozooids which digest the prey and finally the gonozooids which are responsible for reproduction.


Last but not least the size of them is also pretty astonishing: The size of the air bladder ranges from just above an inch to half a foot only. However the tentacles can be as long as 120 feet (!).


This is really an amazing creature!


P.S.: I was asked, how large this jellyfish was: This particular blue bottle had an air bladder which was just above an inch (~3cm) long. However the tentacles were about 3 yards (3 meters). Fyi, fellyfish can contract and release their tentacles. When I took the pic the tentacles were contracted and they were something like three or four inches long.
· Date: Sun 12-March-2006 · Views: 3660 · Filesize: 20.2kb, 111.2kb · Dimensions: 760 x 760 ·
Rating: ******** 8.00
Keywords: Blue Bottle, Portuguese Man O’ War
Camera: F90x
Lens and Filters: Novoflex Bellow System with Nikkor 2.8/60mm Micro
Film and/or ISO: Fujichrome Sensia 100
Location: Australia, Great Barrier Reef
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w6jze
Location: CHR AU
Posts: 30
Sun 12-March-2006 06:58

Very nice indeed. Well imaged and explained.
nfeld_photo
Location: DE
Posts: 11
Wed 15-March-2006 02:52

Randell,
thanks a lot!
Check out my updated explanation above. Blue Bottles are really amazing creatures !


Cheers,
Niels
Observed
Location: US
Posts: 283
Wed 22-March-2006 23:36 Rating: 8 

wonderful picture and details. Very interesting. How do the 4 seperate parts reproduce a new man of war?
nfeld_photo
Location: DE
Posts: 11
Wed 12-April-2006 02:35

Observed, All
Observed asked how the Blue Bottle can reproduce if it consists of four separate parts. Not that easy to answer. However I give it a try:


First I need to explain, what a “normal” jellyfish is and how they reproduce:
“Normal” jellyfish pass through two different body forms during their life, i.e. they undergo a metamorphosis transforming their body from a first into a second stage – just like a caterpillar becoming a butterfly. In its first stage a jellyfish is a polyp - mostly residing on a substratum. This polyp contains all kind of organs, i.e. something like a stomach, tentacles and many more. Eventually the metamorphosis takes place and the polyp detaches from the substratum, undergoes a (bit of a) transformation and becomes a floating medusa, also known as jellyfish. This medusa still can still look like the polyp just detached from the ground. Hence a jellyfish is formed out of ONE single polyp. At sexual reproduction a larva is formed drifting through the water until it finds an appropriate substratum to attach to and form a polyp…and the whole cycle can start again :-)


A Blue Bottle is pretty different. Blue Bottles do not pass through two different stages but stays in the polyp stage. Let’s have a detailed look: It all starts with a larva created at sexual reproduction – just as mentioned above in the “normal” jellyfish paragraph. The larva forms a polyp which is NOT attached to any substratum but floating through the ocean. This single polyp has got a pretty long phylum. In the course of the time along this phylum additional polyps accrue by budding. All these additional polyps stay attached to either the phylum or any of the new polyps. These polyps start to specialize and form colonies of polyps with similar functionality. One special colony is the Gonozooids being responsible for sexual reproduction. After releasing sperm and eggs a new larva is formed and the cycle starts again.


This means, the Blue Bottle does not consist of one polyp covering all body functions but – if you wish - a set of replicas with each replica specializing on one of the four functions outlined in the picture description above.


I tried to simplify the whole story a bit – however it became pretty lengthy. Anyway, I hope you can see what I mean.


Cheers,
Niels
Observed
Location: US
Posts: 283
Sat 15-April-2006 03:07

thanks for taking the time to explain this. very interesting!


nick


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